Chapter 12
1Now AO said to Moses and Aaron in the land of Egypt,
2“This month is the beginning of months for you; it [shall be] the first month of your year.
3Tell the whole congregation of Israel that on the tenth day of this month, each man must select a lamb for his family, one per household.
4If the household is too small for a whole lamb, they are to share with the nearest neighbor and apportion the lamb accordingly based on the number of people.
5Your lamb must be an unblemished year-old male [and] you may take it from the sheep or the goats.
6You must keep it until the fourteenth day of the month, when the whole assembly of the congregation of Israel will slaughter [the animals] at twilight.
7They are to take some of the blood and put it on the sides and tops of the doorframes of the houses where they eat [the lambs].
8They are to eat the meat that night roasted over the fire along with unleavened bread and bitter herbs.
9Do not eat any of [the meat] raw or cooked in boiling water but only roasted over the fire–its head and legs and inner parts.
10Do not leave any of it until morning; any part that is left over you must burn up before the morning.
11This is how you are to eat it: You must be fully dressed for travel with your sandals on your feet and your staff in your hand. You are to eat in haste—it is AO’s Passover.
12On that night, I will pass through the land of Egypt and strike down every firstborn male—both man and beast—and I will execute judgment against all the gods of Egypt. I am AO.
13The blood on the houses where you are staying will distinguish them; when I see the blood I will pass over you. No plague will fall on you to destroy you when I strike the land of Egypt.
14And this day will be for you a memorial and you are to celebrate it as a feast to AO for the generations to come as a permanent statute.
15For seven days you must eat unleavened bread. On the first day you are to remove the leaven from your houses. Whoever eats anything leavened, from the first through the seventh day, must be cut off from Israel.
16On the first day you are to hold a sacred assembly and another on the seventh. You must not do any work on those days—except to prepare the meals, that is all you may do.
17So you are to keep the Feast of Unleavened Bread for on this very day I brought your divisions out of the land of Egypt. You must keep this day as a permanent statute for the generations to come.
18In the first [month] from the evening of the fourteenth day until the evening of the twenty-first day, you are to eat unleavened bread.
19For seven days, there must be no leaven found in your houses. If anyone eats something leavened that person must be cut off from the congregation of Israel, whether a foreigner or native of the land.
20{You are} not to eat anything leavened; eat unleavened bread in all your homes.”
21Then Moses [and Aaron] summoned all the elders of Israel and [Aaron] told them, “Go at once and select for yourselves a lamb for each family and slaughter the Passover lamb.
22Take a cluster of hyssop, dip it into the blood in the basin and brush the blood on the top and sides of the doorframe. None of you shall go out the door of his house until morning passes through.
23When AO passes through to strike down the Egyptians, He will see the blood on the top and sides of the doorframe and will pass over that doorway so He will not allow the destroyer to enter your houses and strike you down.
24And you are to keep this command as a permanent statute for you and your descendants.
25When you enter the land that AO will give you as He promised, you are to keep this service.
26When your children ask you, ‘What does this service mean to you?’
27You are to reply, ‘It is the Passover to AO who passed over the houses of the Israelites in Egypt when He struck down the Egyptians and spared our homes.’” Then the people bowed down and worshiped.
28And the Israelites went and did just what AO had commanded Moses and Aaron.
29Now at midnight, AO struck down every firstborn male in the land of Egypt from the firstborn of Pharaoh who sat on his throne to the firstborn of the prisoner in the dungeon as well as all the firstborn among the livestock.
30During the night, Pharaoh got up—he and all his officials and all the Egyptians—and there was loud wailing in Egypt for there was no house without someone dead.
31Then [Pharaoh] summoned Moses and Aaron by night and said, “Get up, leave my people, both you and the Israelites! Go worship AO as you have requested.
32Take your flocks and herds as well just as you have said and depart! And bless me also.”
33And in order to send them out of the land quickly, the Egyptians urged the people on. “For [otherwise],” they said, “we are all going to die!”
34So the people took their dough before it was leavened in kneading bowls wrapped in clothing [carrying it] on their shoulders.
35Furthermore, the Israelites acted on Moses’ word and asked the Egyptians for articles of silver and gold and for clothing.
36And AO gave the people such favor in the sight of the Egyptians that they granted their request. In this way they plundered the Egyptians.
37The Israelites journeyed from Rameses to Succoth with about 600,000 men on foot besides women and children.
38And a mixed multitude also went up with them along with great droves of livestock both flocks and herds.
39Since their dough had no leaven, the people baked what they had brought out of Egypt into unleavened loaves. For when they had been driven out of Egypt, they could not delay and had not prepared for themselves any provisions.
40Now the duration of the Israelites’ stay in Egypt was 430 years.
41At the end of the 430 years, to the very day, all AO’s divisions went out of the land of Egypt.
42Because AO kept a vigil that night to bring them out of the land of Egypt, this same night [is to be a vigil] to AO to be observed by all the Israelites for the generations to come.
43And AO said to Moses and Aaron, “This is the statute of the Passover: No foreigner is to eat of it.
44But any slave [who] has been purchased, after you have circumcised him, may eat of it.
45A temporary resident or hired hand shall not eat [the Passover].
46It must be eaten inside one house. You are not to take any of the meat outside the house and you may not break any of the bones.
47The whole congregation of Israel must celebrate it.
48If a foreigner resides with you and wants to celebrate AO’s passover, all the males [in the household] must be circumcised, then he may come near to celebrate it and he shall be like a native of the land. But no uncircumcised man may eat of it.
49The same law shall apply to both the native and the foreigner who resides among you.”
50Then all the Israelites did just as AO had commanded Moses and Aaron, this—they did.
51And on that very day AO brought the Israelites out of the land of Egypt by their divisions.